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Also known every bit ALS or Lou Gehrig’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurological illness involving the breakdown, and eventual death, of neurons that control voluntary muscles. The brain loses the ability to initiate and control movement, ofttimes resulting in an inability to eat, speak, motility, and even breathe. Approximately 5,000 people in the The states are diagnosed with this condition per year, co-ordinate to the ALS Foundation. In that location are treatments for ALS, merely there is no cure.

Coordination

Loss of coordination is 1 of the first warning signs of ALS. Reduced hand-eye coordination may start slowly, with the individual noticing relatively pocket-size issues, such as the ability to grasp a hairbrush. Over time, the number of episodes increases in frequency, and in some cases
coordination bug
last
for months
before other symptoms brainstorm to appear.

Cramps

An early warning sign of ALS is
cramps
or
muscle spasms, specially when they develop with other symptoms. Cramping, twitching, and atrophy of the muscles occur when spinal and encephalon stalk motor neurons deteriorate. This particular symptom typically begins after the loss of hand-eye coordination and can last through many of the disease’s stages.

Weak Muscles

ALS nearly immediately begins to wreak havoc on the nervous arrangement. Motor neurons that tell muscles to move begin to die, and every bit a result, individuals
lose command
of
and forcefulness
in their muscles. The degeneration of neurons leads to loss of musculus mass, too. Due to the lack of muscle mass, people with ALS oftentimes require wheelchairs even before they lose the ability to walk.

Vocal Pitch Changes

Laryngeal dysfunction tin can occur when the loss of neurons affects the bulbar nerves. Individuals with ALS often feel
changes
in
voice pitch, usually resulting in speaking at a lower register. This mutual symptom typically coincides with paw-heart coordination issues.

Slurred Speech

Slurring
of
speech communication
happens for a unlike reason than the change in vocal pitch. This symptom occurs when the person is no longer capable of properly moving muscles involved with speech, including the lips and tongue. This is mostly referred to as dysarthria, the inability to speak correctly due to loss of motor part. The private affected may find it difficult to pronounce words properly.

Crying and Laughing Uncontrollably

Some people with ALS experience significant mood swings that tin can upshot in
uncontrollable
laughter
or crying, known as the pseudobulbar affect. Although information technology is not completely understood why this occurs, information technology is believed that when upper motor neurons, located in the cerebral cortex and brain stem, deteriorate, the disrupted neural pathways result in a deficiency of inhibition control. Emotions tin come on of a sudden, without warning, and often without triggers, lasting merely a few moments or up to an 60 minutes. Prescription medications can help command the onset and amplification of emotions.

Breathing Bug

Problematic breathing does not occur immediately in all people with ALS, only most experience it eventually. Every bit muscles deteriorate, those responsible for bringing air in and out of the lungs are also affected. An individual may outset develop shortness of breath and an
inability to
breathe
in deeply. This can progress to collapsed lungs and a continuous need for a breathing machine.

Problems with Walking

Trouble walking is a common ALS symptom normally seen in later stages of the disease. Initially, an private may experience
weakness
in
the legs, which gradually worsens every bit the disease continues to crusade muscle degradation. There are many possible causes of weakness in the legs; however, most people with ALS experience other symptoms before this i peaks.

Problems Swallowing

Swallowing problems are some other belatedly symptom of ALS. The consequence can make it
difficult to
eat
and drink, which makes choking a constant danger as information technology becomes hard fifty-fifty to swallow saliva. This symptom is caused by the lack of command of the muscles used when swallowing. Principal doctors may work with dietitians to devise meal plans that ensure individuals with ALS proceed to get proper nutrition.

Difficulty Supporting the Head

People with advanced ALS frequently experience an inability to command the muscles in the neck, resulting in a condition called
dropped
caput
syndrome. The muscles at the dorsum of the cervix weaken, which is why people with ALS often require neck braces.